Astrological Meanderings: February 2018

Thursday 22 February 2018

The Dwarf Planet Eris

I'm currently reading Dark Matter and the Dinosaurs by Lisa Randall and in that book she makes mention of the recently discovered dwarf planet Eris. In this post, I'm finding out a little more about it. It has the following characteristics:
  • diameter of 2,326 ± 12 kilometres
  • slightly smaller than Pluto's diameter of 2,372 ± 4 kilometres
  • mass is 0.27% that of Earth (would be 0.61% if same composition)
  • mass is about 27% larger than that of Pluto (hence it is rockier)
  • highly eccentric orbit (0.44 with aphelion of 97.651 AU and perihelion of 37.911 AU)
  • orbital period of 558.04 years
  • has one known moon, Dysnomia, with a diameter of 700±120 kilometres
  • may be in a 17:5 resonance with Neptune although is not confirmed
  • has an albedo of 0.96, higher than that of any other large body in the Solar System except Enceladus
  • classified as a TNO (TransNeptunian Object) and SDO (Scattered Disk Object)
  • classified as a plutoid or ice dwarf and a trans-Neptunian dwarf planet, i.e. a body orbiting beyond Neptune that is massive enough to be rounded in shape. 
  • its orbit is titled at about 44˚ to the ecliptic
Here is a diagram of its orbit taken from Wikipedia:


From an astrological perspective, the following excerpt from the Wikipedia entry is relevant:
Because of the high inclination of its orbit, Eris only passes through a few constellations of the traditional Zodiac; it is now in the constellation Cetus. It was in Sculptor from 1876 until 1929 and Phoenix from roughly 1840 until 1875. In 2036 it will enter Pisces and stay there until 2065, when it will enter Aries. It will then move into the northern sky, entering Perseus in 2128 and Camelopardalis (where it will reach its northernmost declination) in 2173.
What of the mythological significance of Eris and Dynomia? This astrologically relevant website has this to say about them:
Eris is the Greek god of strife. Due to her exclusion from the wedding of Peleus and Thetis, a sea-goddess, spiteful Eris, aroused lust and conflict amongst the goddesses (Hera/power, Athena/wealth, and Aphrodite/love, beauty and rapture) which led to the Trojan war by offering a "golden apple" to the fairest of the three. In short, Zeus proclaimed Paris, the handsome prince of Troy, to act as judge. Paris choose Aphrodite with her promise that Helen, the wife of Menelaus, would become his wife. This ultimately led to the abduction of Helen by Paris and subsequently the 10-year long Trojan war (1194 to 1184 BC.) and its ramifications. (Ref: Iliad & Odyssey)
Eris' daughter, Dysnomia ... is said to be the "spirit of lawlessness"—disrupter of civil order. Eris, however, had two daughters, Dysnomia and the opposite and peaceable one, Eunomia, who ends strife, returns order and maintaines social stability. 
The author of this same website has some interesting things to say about the discovery of Eris challenging patriarchal society:
The discovery and naming of Eris confronts patriarchal authority in a few ways. Provisionally as Xena and then formally as Eris, the female names directly confront our solar system's male dominance, as all major planets have male names, except for Venus. The creation of the Dwarf Planet category also rightfully raised the status of Ceres, mother of the asteroids (a female), as a Dwarf Planet, now at par with Eris and Pluto. Eris also put an end to Pluto delineating the planetary boundary to our solar system, the final masculine planet of death, giving the final word, and hiding what lies beyond. Pluto now is but a gate keeper to more transcendent realms of consciousness.
In fact, the author, Nick Anthony Fiorenza, has written several other articles about Eris including:
I should read these and perhaps make additions to this blog post later. The article that I did read and have quoted from here was certainly interesting despite suffering from some horrific misspellings as well as chronic verbosity and a proclivity to astro-babble.

Astrolog does not track the position of Eris but this website does, along with Centaurs, TNOs, Asteroids & Planets. Interestingly, just a quick look at the site shows that the exact placement of Ceres is still a problem depending on who you believe. The site just alluded to lists its position today (22nd February 2018) as being in 6˚56' of Leo while Astrolog reports 6˚47 of Leo and Stellarium reports 7˚26' of Leo.

Monday 19 February 2018

Stellar Distances

This post has more to do with astronomy than astrology but I firmly believe that the best way to defend astrology from its detractors is to have a solid understanding of astronomy. Many critics of astrology have a poor understanding of astronomy and arguments, for example, that astrology does not take the precession of the equinoxes into account when formulating horoscopes can be easily refuted. Recently, with access to a deck that affords a good view of the night sky, I've been using the software program Stellarium to identify the more prominent celestial objects. This is the same program that Graham Hancock uses to view the sky as it appeared in Egypt and other places in antiquity thousands of years ago. He mentioned this in his latest book, Magicians of the Gods, that I just finished reading.

I like to know how far various stars and nebula are from our solar system and Stellarium reveals this immediately. By just clicking on the object, an information pane appears on the left of the screen. In the diagram below, I've listed the major stars in the constellation of Canis Major along with their distances to the nearest light year:


As can be seen, with the exception of Sirius, all the major stars are fairly distant. Sirius of course is an object of considerable fascination for stargazers of the past and present. Here is some information about it taken from Wikipedia.
Sirius, a romanisation of Greek Σείριος, Seirios, lit. "glowing" or "scorching") is a star system and the brightest star in the Earth's night sky. With a visual apparent magnitude of −1.46, it is almost twice as bright as Canopus, the next brightest star. The system has the Bayer designation Alpha Canis Majoris (α CMa). What the naked eye perceives as a single star is a binary star system, consisting of a white main-sequence star of spectral type A0 or A1, termed Sirius A, and a faint white dwarf companion of spectral type DA2, called Sirius B. The distance separating Sirius A from its companion varies between 8.2 and 31.5 AU. 
Sirius appears bright because of its intrinsic luminosity and its proximity to Earth. At a distance of 2.6 parsecs (8.6 ly), as determined by the Hipparcos astrometry satellite, the Sirius system is one of Earth's near neighbours. Sirius is gradually moving closer to the Solar System, so it will slightly increase in brightness over the next 60,000 years. After that time its distance will begin to increase and it will become fainter, but it will continue to be the brightest star in the Earth's night sky for the next 210,000 years. 
Sirius A is about twice as massive as the Sun (M☉) and has an absolute visual magnitude of 1.42. It is 25 times more luminous than the Sun but has a significantly lower luminosity than other bright stars such as Canopus or Rigel. The system is between 200 and 300 million years old. It was originally composed of two bright bluish stars. The more massive of these, Sirius B, consumed its resources and became a red giant before shedding its outer layers and collapsing into its current state as a white dwarf around 120 million years ago. 
Sirius is also known colloquially as the "Dog Star", reflecting its prominence in its constellation, Canis Major (Greater Dog). The heliacal rising of Sirius marked the flooding of the Nile in Ancient Egypt and the "dog days" of summer for the ancient Greeks, while to the Polynesians in the Southern Hemisphere the star marked winter and was an important reference for their navigation around the Pacific Ocean.
Below are the major stars and nebulae for the constellation of Orion, along with their distances in light years:


Again, all the stars are reasonably distant but I was surprised to learn the Great Nebula in Orion was actually within our own galaxy and so I've included some information about it from Wikipedia. I'm sure I'll learn a lot more as I continue viewing the night sky in tandem with the astronomy software.

Wednesday 14 February 2018

Limitations of the 2-D Horoscope

While looking at the current zodiacal position at Sirius using Astrolog, I was surprised to find that it was conjunct Canopus. These two brightest stars in the night sky are quite separate and yet they appear together in the two dimensional wheel generated by the astrology program. The reason of course is that the celestial longitudes of the two stars are being considered and their celestial latitudes, while being displayed by the program, cannot be represented on the chart. Here is the situation as displayed by Astrolog:


The information on the right shows that Canopus has a latitude of -75˚49' and Sirius has a latitude of -39˚36'. However, the view using Stellarium drives home how far apart the two stars really are (the red line represents the ecliptic, the blue line represents the celestial equator):


A planet, moving as it does close to ecliptic, will reach the same longitude as Canopus at some point in time and the two will then be deemed to be conjunct. This seems silly. I think such stars as Sirius and Canopus, because of their large latitudes, should not be included in an astrological chart and of course for the most part they aren't. The stars of the zodiacal constellations however, are a different matter. I covered the astrological significance of the big four (Regulus, Fomalhaut, Antares and Aldebaran) in an earlier post on the fixed stars.

I'm wondering if there is an effective way of representing latitude on an astrological chart. I've made an initial attempt of such a chart. It's just a crude beginning, but a beginning nonetheless. It shows a conjunction of Jupiter and Saturn with the dot positions giving a rough idea of the latitude separation of the two planets. Saturn is about 2 degrees north latitude and Jupiter is about 3 degrees south latitude. It also shows two stars that are conjunct in terms of longitude (like Canopus and Sirius) but quite separate in terms of latitude. The length of the line should give some indication of the magnitude of the latitude but a linear scale wouldn't work. Something logarithmic would work better. Perhaps an inner and outer dotted circle at the same distance from the green and blue circles but representing 25 degrees. 

Topocentric versus Geocentric

I think that astrological programs like Astrolog report the celestial longitude and latitude of astronomical objects from a geocentric perspective whereas an astronomical program like Stellarium reports it from a topocentric perspective. How large are the differences between these two systems of measurement. I'll explore this by reference to my own natal chart.

For my natal Moon, Stellarium gives a topocentric longitude of 59°32'42.4" or 29°32'42.4" Taurus. Astrolog gives a geocentric figure of 29°26'22" Taurus. This is a difference of slightly more than six minutes of arc. This isn't much but it could constitute a difference of sign if applied to my natal Saturn in 0°00'47" Virgo. Fortunately, this is not the case. Stellarium reports a topocentric longitude of 0°00'41.9" for Saturn. This is a difference of only about 5 seconds of arc.

I'll list the differences comprehensively below with Astrolog listed first and Stellarium second (measurements are rounded to the nearest second):

Sun -->        12°47'13" versus 12°47'51"
Moon -->      29°26'22" versus 29°32'42"
Mercury -->  2°14'36" versus 2°15'11"
Venus -->     9°09'42" versus 9°10'17"
Mars -->       9°15'54" versus 9°16'27"
Jupiter -->   28°47'00" versus 28°47'15"
Saturn -->    0°00'47" versus 0°00'42"
Uranus -->  26°52'14" versus 26°52'29"
Neptune -->13°15'24" versus 13°15'12"
Pluto -->     14°16'26" versus 14°16'24"
Chiron -->    8°57'05" versus NOT FOUND
Ceres -->   11°34'23" versus 8°41'52"

The glaring difference in positions is apparent for Ceres. I've checked carefully and that discrepancy of almost three degrees is very real and very disconcerting. What's gone wrong? What program is in error and why? Given that Ceres is between Mars and Jupiter, the difference should be measured in seconds of arc. Let's check the differences between the two program's for Ceres today (14th February 2018): Astrolog gives 8°13'07" Leo whereas Stellarium gives 8°54'06" Leo, which is a smaller discrepancy than in my natal chart.


For the time being, leaving out Ceres, the differences between the two sets of measurements is slight but significantly greatest where the position of the Moon is concerned. For a lunar position that is greater than 29°50" or less than 0°10" of a sign, the geocentric position should be checked against the topocentric to determine whether a change of sign is involved. If so, I would say that the topocentric measurement that should be used and not the geocentric.

As for Ceres, it will be useful to check some other asteroids as well, namely Juno, Vesta and Pallas. In my natal chart, Pallas is located at 29°09'00" Gemini according to Astrolog, while Stellarium puts it as 29°38'17" (almost a half degree different and much larger than the discrepancy between the Moon's positions). Vesta is located at 23°42'21" Sagittarius using Astrolog but 21°42"00' using Stellarium (a difference of a full two degrees). Juno is located at 27°16'47" Taurus using Astrolog but at 28°23'11" using Stellarium (a difference of more than a degree). So for the asteroids at least, there are significant differences between the celestial longitudes as reported by the two programs. This is not due to a differences between topocentric and geocentric positions. These should be slight. The difference is due to a software bug.

What is happening with Ceres on a day to day basis according to Stellarium? As mentioned earlier, it is currently in 8°54'06" Leo, so I'll track its weekly progress:

21st February: Stellarium 7°32'20" Leo versus Astrolog 7°01'01" retrograde
28th February: Stellarium 6°26'41" Leo versus Astrolog 5°54'55" retrograde
7th March: Stellarium 5°40'08" Leo versus Astrolog 5°07'49" retrograde
15th March: Stellarium 5°12'42" Leo versus Astrolog 4°39'22" retrograde
19th March: Stellarium 5°08'57" Leo versus Astrolog 4°35'35" Leo stationary direct
22nd March: Stellarium 5°10'58" Leo versus Astrolog 4°37'18" direct
29th March: Stellarium 5°30'25" Leo versus Astrolog 4°56'06" direct

Stellarium and Astrolog both report Ceres turning stationary direct on the 19th March, it's only that there is a consistent difference of about half a degree between positions on any given date. I suspect that the Astrolog software is in error with the error increasing as one travels back in time. For the time, it is sufficient to add about 30 minutes to the position as reported by Astrolog. I'll try to find out more about the source of this problem.

Tuesday 13 February 2018

Canopus

I've been taking more interest in the night sky lately and using Stellarium it's been easy to identify the major stars. In this post I'll examine some of the facts and related information about the star Canopus. In my natal chart, the star is located at 14˚16' Cancer, forming a T-square with the Sun and Neptune.


The only problem with this placement is that Canopus is nowhere near the ecliptic and needs to be mapped on to it by drawing an arc from its position in the sky that meets the ecliptic at a right angle This is shown in the diagram below:


This is the problem that bedevils the two dimensional horoscope. The ecliptic is the backbone of a chart but only rarely are astronomical objects located exactly on it. In most cases, they are at some distance from it and need to be mapped on to it as has been done for Canopus in the diagram above.

How exactly is this mapping done? Well, an astronomical object's position can be measured in terms of celestial longitude and celestial latitude. The latter shows the angular distance of the object from the ecliptic. The former measures the object's angular distance from its orthogonal projection on the ecliptic to the First Point of Aries. It is the celestial longitude of an object that is considered when placing it in the two dimensional horoscope.

This celestial latitude however, is displayed in the Astrolog chart. For example, in my natal chart shown earlier, the longitude of Canopus can be read to the right of the longitude. It is -75°50', the negative sign indicating south latitude. Stellarium also shows this information but from a topocentric rather than geocentric perspective. The difference between these two positions would be very slight for fixed stars but would be most significant for the Moon. The magnitude of the difference for the Moon will be explored in a future post. Stellarium shows that the latitude of Canopus tonight, 14th February 2018 at 8:38pm, is -75°49'25.4" and its longitude is 105°13'31.1" (or 15°13'31.1" Cancer).

Here are some interesting astronomical facts about Canopus (from Wikipedia):
  • it is the brightest star in the southern constellation of Carina (Alpha Carinae)
  • it is the second-brightest star in the night-time sky, after Sirius
  • it is 310 light years distant
  • it has a radius 71 times that of the Sun
  • it is a circumpolar star when seen from points with latitude south of 37°18' S
  • its northern limit of visibility is latitude 37°18' N
Here is a shot of Canopus as it appears in Stellarium:


The constellation Carina is described as follows in Wikipedia:
Carina is a constellation in the southern sky. Its name is Latin for the keel of a ship, and it was formerly part of the larger constellation of Argo Navis (the ship Argo) until that constellation was divided into three pieces, the other two being Puppis (the poop deck), and Vela (the sails of the ship).
Carina was once a part of Argo Navis, the great ship of Jason and the Argonauts who searched for the Golden Fleece. The constellation of Argo was introduced in ancient Greece. However, due to the massive size of Argo Navis and the sheer number of stars that required separate designation, Nicolas Louis de Lacaille divided Argo into three sections in 1763, including Carina (the keel). In the 19th century, these three became established as separate constellations, and were formally included in the list of 88 modern IAU constellations in 1930. Lacaille kept a single set of Greek letters for the whole of Argo, and separate sets of Latin letter designations for each of the three sections. Therefore, Carina has the α, β and ε, Vela has γ and δ, Puppis has ζ, and so on.
Here's some information about the astrological significance of Canopus (source):
Astrologically, the keywords for Canopus, the keel, are: the navigator and the pathfinder and it is linked to the story of the Argo and the rescue of Helen of Troy but there is much more to Canopus. When linked to natal planets, Ptolemy associated the star with Saturn and Jupiter, Robson with 'piety, conservatism, and turning evil into good'. Ebertin connects Canopus to 'a love of travel' while Rigor adds the more negative potential of 'domestic problems'. 
(Ex: if the natal planet linked to Canopus is fussy Mars, the potential for domestic problems would be more likely to occur due to conflicts and quarrels.)
Some cultures, including certain Native American tribes, linked the precession of Canopus with timing the end of the world, and other ancient cultures considered it the weight at the end of the plumb line that defined earth's poles so that the plumb line's movement explained the effects of precession on Canopus, sometimes known as the Point of Stillness in the south. Plus, the star was once worshiped in desert cultures as the Star of Egypt (instead of Sirius!) and in China, the red star is associated with happiness, success, and a long life which makes it the Star of Old Age. 
For as Brady's Book of Fixed Stars relates, "In about 6,000 B.C.E. {Canopus} was the heliacal rising star for the autumn equinox and a series of temples were built in Egypt in alignment with these risings. Modern people see this star now being claimed by NASA, as they use this ancient location point as a navigational aid for spacecraft." Canopus--still the navigator! 
In natal horoscopes, Canopus (14 Cancer) is a powerful star which can provide leadership skills. New directions may be inspired by Canopus which acts in similar fashion as the royal stars which always include a 'caution' (ex: royal Regulus: success if revenge is avoided--otherwise all gains will be lost). With Canopus linked to a natal chart, success is possible but its caution lies within the flaw of needing too much control. 

Thursday 8 February 2018

Ceres

UPDATE: posted 13th August 2020 (astronomical and not astrological in content) with link

Dwarf planet Ceres is an ocean world with salty water under the surface, NASA mission finds


ORIGINAL ARTICLE:

Having just read a short article on the dwarf planet Ceres, I was motivated to locate its position in my own natal chart and investigate its astrological significance. It's pronounced SAIREEZ by the way, with the accent on the first syllable. I've mispronounced it for most of my life.


This was the article and here is an excerpt:
Dwarf planet Ceres is the largest object in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter and the only dwarf planet located in the inner solar system. It was the first member of the asteroid belt to be discovered when Giuseppe Piazzi spotted it in 1801. And when Dawn arrived in 2015, Ceres became the first dwarf planet to receive a visit from a spacecraft. 
Called an asteroid for many years, Ceres is so much bigger and so different from its rocky neighbours that scientists classified it as a dwarf planet in 2006. Even though Ceres comprises 25 percent of the asteroid belt's total mass, tiny Pluto is still 14 times more massive. 
Ceres is named for the Roman goddess of corn and harvests. The word cereal comes from the same name. 
Ceres was found by an astronomer searching for a star. He thought he found a comet, but with the help of other astronomers decided it was a planet. As more objects were found between Mars and Jupiter, scientists decided Ceres should be called an asteroid—the largest in the region we now call the main asteroid belt. Then, in 2006, Ceres was reclassified as a dwarf planet—the closest one to Earth. 
The largest body in the asteroid belt, Ceres has amassed a number of references in science fiction stories of the 20th and 21st centuries. In the TV series The Expanse, Ceres is inhabited by humans, and in the PC Game Descent, one of the secret levels takes place on Ceres. 
In the video game Destiny, Ceres was colonised by an alien race called the Fallen at the end of humanity's Golden Age. Ceres was later destroyed by a civilisation of post-humans who inhabit the Asteroid Belt. 
In my own chart, Ceres is located in 11d34m of Leo and thus very close to my natal Pluto. Interestingly, transiting Ceres returned to its natal position on January 30th of this year (2018) and is today (8th February 2018) in 9d32m of Leo and thus trine my natal Mars-Venus. It is currently retrograde so, in its current cycle, it first reached its natal position on October 31st 2017 and will reach it again, moving forward, on May 5th 2018. Just prior to this, on May 1st, it will be conjunct the transiting North Node of the Moon in about 10d30m of Leo. So around this time, natal Ceres, transiting Ceres and the transiting North Node of the Moon are pretty much in the same location.

In my natal chart, Ceres in 11d34m of Leo forms a quintile aspect to my natal Moon (separation of 73d06m) and aspects Sun, Venus, Mars and Chiron (by trine), Uranus and Neptune by semisquare (separation of 44d42m), Neptune (by sextile) and of course Pluto (by conjunction). That's an impressive list of aspects. Ceres orbits the Sun every 4.6 years. As for its astrological significance, this site proved most illuminating and the content is worth displaying here in full, with the most salient parts in red:

Astronomical Description

Ceres is the largest of the main belt asteroids and was the first to be discovered on January 1, 1801 by Giuseppe Piazzi, who was making a star catalog at the Observatory of Palermo, which he founded. Shortly after Ceres' discovery, she disappeared behind the Sun, but was "rediscovered" on paper by Carl Friedrich Gauss, who devised a method for calculating an object's orbit from only three accurate positional measurements. She was subsequently relocated on January 1, 1802 by Heinrich Wilhelm Olbers in the position calculated by Gauss. Olbers later discovered the asteroids Pallas and Vesta.  Ceres is part of the main asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter and orbits the Sun every 4.6 years. Her diameter is 955 kilometres and she is just barely visible to the naked eye, but easily seen with binoculars. 

Mythological Background

Ceres was the Roman goddess who was originally known as Demeter to the ancient Greeks. She was the daughter of Saturn and Rhea and was swallowed by her father along with her sisters Vesta and Juno as well as her brothers, Jupiter, Neptune, and Pluto.  After being freed by Jupiter, these gods and goddesses became the ruling family of ancient Greece. Her gift to humanity was grain and as such was known as the goddess of agriculture and the harvest.  Thus, she was the one who provided nourishment for humanity and was worshipped as such.  She was also the mother of Persephone, a beautiful maiden, with whom she was exceptionally close.  Together, the pair watched over the Earth and allowed it to provide its abundance throughout the year.  This mother and daughter were so enamoured with each other, however, that all suitors were rejected, as the two didn't want to be separated. This, of course, did not go over too well with some of the gods who thought Persephone was pretty damn hot, particularly those nice ankles of hers.

One day Persephone was wandering in the Nysian fields and became fascinated by the hundred-bloomed narcissus.  She picked one of these lovely flowers and was enveloped in its seductive fragrance when the earth opened up beneath her. She was immediately seized by Pluto, god of the Underworld, who had been lusting after her for quite some time, wanting her to become his bride and queen. As soon as he descended below with his prize, the earth resumed its previous state, leaving no sign that anything unusual had occurred.

It didn't take long for Ceres to realise her daughter was missing. For many days she refused to eat, sleep or bathe, but instead wandered about with flaming torches, trying to find her daughter. She eventually encountered the crone goddess, Hecate, who told her to discuss the matter with the Sun god, Helios, who saw everything. Helios told her of the abduction, which had been executed with the approval of Zeus, with whom Pluto had conspired to take Persephone as his bride. Ceres was not only devastated but enraged at the betrayal and, disguised as a mere human, wandered the earth for a while to avoid associating with any of the gods of Mt. Olympus. She acted as a nanny for the son of King Celeus until she eventually revealed her identity and ordered a temple and altar be built for her.

Ceres retired to her temple, where her mourning for Persephone continued. As her grief turned to anger, she cursed the earth such that nothing would grow, neither crop nor fruit of any kind, imposing famine and starvation on mankind. The people prayed to Zeus for relief, who realised that if the humans all died there would be no one left to worship the gods. The gods attempted to reason with Ceres, but she refused to listen or show any mercy unless her daughter was returned to her. Eventually, Zeus relented and sent Hermes to the Underworld to demand Persephone's release. Persephone had likewise been in mourning and fasting, refusing all food and drink. Pluto agreed to let her return, but deviously offered Persephone several pomegranate seeds to quench her great thirst prior to her departure. Not knowing that the pomegranate was the symbol of sexual consummation, Persephone partook, which confirmed her marriage to Pluto. This is a good reason why young women should pay better attention in school, because sometimes it's what you don't know that bites the hardest.

When Persephone returned to the surface, she and her mother had a joyful reunion. However, when Ceres found out that her daughter had consumed the pomegranate seeds, she realised she'd been tricked, since Persephone was still married to Pluto. She reinstated her curse of the earth and the gods were basically back where they started. Eventually, Zeus proposed a compromise, that for each pomegranate seed she'd eaten that Persephone would spend a month in the Underworld as Pluto's bride. The remaining months could be spent on earth with her mother. Thus, each spring Persephone emerges from the Underworld to rejoin her mother. At this time, the earth once more comes alive with vegetation and the harvest is allowed. In the fall, however, when Persephone must return to the Underworld, Ceres once again commands the earth to be barren, until Persephone's return the following spring. Ceres, like so many goddesses, was one vindictive woman and it wasn't a good idea to mess with her.

Astrological Implications

Astrologically, one thing indicated by Ceres' placement in the horoscope will be which area is most important in regard to parental nurturing and the kind of lessons to be derived from the mother-child relationship. For example, if Ceres is in Aries, being allowed and encouraged to be independent will be important as well as being commended for their drive and energy. In Taurus, being comfortable and provided for in a material manner will prevail. Gemini would imply the need for mental stimulation; Cancer, the need for a significant amount of attention and nurturing; Leo, to be the centre of attention; Virgo, for perfection and being of service; Libra, strong relationships and fairness; Scorpio, sexual expression; Sagittarius, a strong belief system and worldly knowledge; Capricorn, ambition and status; Aquarius, friends and being part of a group; Pisces, transcendence and fantasy. It also can indicate the manner in which a person will nurture others in adulthood

The lack of nurturing or encouragement in these areas from one's mother will drive them to seek such elsewhere and if it's blatantly missing or contradicted, it can cause significant emotional trauma and potential identity crises as the person will know there is something missing in their life, but probably won't be able to identify exactly what. The basic tenets of self-esteem are related to early nurturing which, if absent, has repercussions that can take a lifetime to overcome, if ever. Remember that Ceres cuts both ways, as a parent and a child. We also tend to replicate that with which we grew up; patterns established in our childhood tend to reappear with our own offspring in one way or another. Parents also can project their own aspirations or fears onto their children, causing various frustrations for all concerned.

Thus, Ceres tells much about a person's experience and relationship with their mother, particularly if the charts are compared of both mother and child. Transits of Ceres will introduce events represented by the themes in the Ceres/Persephone myth or bring past issues to the surface for resolution. I have yet to see a client who is having "mother issues" who doesn't have something going on involving Ceres in their natal chart transits. Nearly everyone has "mother issues" of some description from their past, and these transits stimulate situations that force us to confront and resolve them.  

As the goddess of agriculture, Ceres can also indicate a "green thumb," love of gardening, or strong interest in food and its preparation. Likewise, if negatively aspected it can be indicative of eating disorders, particularly if food was used during childhood as a punishment by its withdrawal or as a reward. Thus, Ceres can lend astrological clues to a plethora of weight and body-image disorders. On a more positive side, a person's interest in food, from its growth to preparation, can be found in Ceres placement. For example, someone with Ceres in Sagittarius may be inclined to nurture those from other cultures or may have a propensity for preparing international cuisine. 

Ceres also relates to separations and the subsequent sense of loss. It defines grieving style and how a person will deal with their pain. It can also relate to secrets between mother and child; neither person ever entirely knows the other, regardless of how close they may think they are. No matter how much a child loves his or her mother, at some point the need to grow up and seek a mate is likely to arise. This does not mean that they love their mother any less, only the need to progress beyond the role of a child. On the other hand, those that never leave home or are inordinately attached to their mother can also be indicated.  Separations and estrangements from one's mother, no matter what the cause, are also to be found in one's natal chart as well as transits of Ceres throughout the signs, houses, and aspects to the other planets. The more attached we are to someone or something, the more likely we are to be faced with a separation at some point as the energy invested will energise its polarity as well. Frequently, it is only through letting go of something that we allow something new and invigorating to come into our lives.

Sharing of a loved one is another principle in the Ceres myth. In essence, the stereotypical "mother-in-law from hell" could easily be a woman who cannot share her child. Ceres - Pluto aspects often indicate those who will have to share their children with ex-spouses and often undergo ugly custody battles or family kidnapping experiences.  If these individuals don't learn to share, they'll inevitably have to face either the burdens of single parenthood or perhaps be denied access to their offspring entirely. On the other hand, Ceres can impart strong parenting and nurturing capability that allows an individual to assume the role of both parents comfortably.

On the darker side, such things as child abuse and abductions can likewise be reflected in Ceres' placement and hard transits. Of course the ultimate separation is death, as represented by the Underworld. Ceres is often active in death charts, particularly those who die suddenly or in accidents, situations analogous to being kidnapped by Pluto. Death is something that everyone has to deal with, sooner or later. Unlimited grief and mourning at a certain point become self-defeating and hinder your growth. This is another lesson Ceres is wont to convey. 

The richness imparted to a Natal Chart through Ceres is indeed worth consideration, particularly if a person is having difficulty with any issues reflected in the Ceres myth. A trained astrologer can interpret Ceres' placement in the Natal Chart and subsequent transits, yielding clues to the issues at hand. In some cases, for deep-seeded issues, the client will be referred to a trained psychologist to work through those things that go beyond his or her own capability to resolve alone. If Ceres is retrograde in a Natal Chart, as typical of retrograde planets, the energy will be internalised and not expressed as easily, which can complicate any other issues associated with natal aspects or transits.

Ancient Astronomy

Reading Graham Hancock's latest book The Magicians of the Gods, I came across a reference to the humble 3:4:5 right-angled triangle and its connection (according to him) with the precession of the equinoxes and the Great Year. The connection he draws is this:

The cube of 3 is 27, the cube of 4 is 64 and the cube of 5 is 125. The sum of 27, 64 and 125 is 216. One astrological age comprises 2160 years. He argues that ancient astronomer/astrologists were aware of this connection and incorporated 3:4:5 into the siting of the structures that they built. Use was made of the two acute angles that comprise a 3:4:5 triangle, namely 51.13˚ (arctan 4/3) and 36.87˚ (arctan 3/4).

He cites Harran, a major ancient city of Upper Mesopotamia, as an example. It is situated at 36.8631° N in modern day Turkey.


He goes on to mention the Ziggurat of Ur (a Neo-Sumerian ziggurat in what was the city of Ur near Nasiriyah, in present-day Dhi Qar Province, Iraq) situated at 30.9628° N. According to Hancock, the two cities of Ur and Harran were closely linked in ancient times but how is an angle of 30.9628° linked to the 3:4:5 triangle? Well, at this point Hancock introduces the notion of colatitude. This is defined by Wikipedia to be: in spherical coordinates, colatitude is the complementary angle of the latitude, i.e. the difference between 90° and the latitude, where southern latitudes are denoted with a minus sign. So the colatitude of Ur is 59.0372° which is arctan(5/3) in degrees. Thus the 3:4:5 triangle is involved, albeit indirectly.


Note these connections hold regardless of the system of angular measurement used (degrees, grads, radians or whatever). There are other sites he mentions, such as Baalbek in Lebanon, situated at 34.0047° N that don't have any apparent connection to 3:4:5 but I'm sure I could find one if I set out to do so. At the moment, I'm still a little skeptical and will need to test it out with the location of other ancient sites. If the majority prove to have some direct or semi-direct connection, then there may be something in it.

Getting back to the Great Year, the number 43200 = 2160 x 20 is mentioned as significant because of its connection to the dimensions of the Great Pyramid. Hancock states in his book that the polar radius is 43200 times the height of the Great Pyramid and that the circumference of the Earth at its equator is 43200 times the perimeter of its base. Let's try to verify those figures.

The height is a bit of problem because now its only 138.8 metres high due to erosion and the absence of its pyramidion whereas it was originally 146.5 metres high. Let's go with the latter figure. The polar radius of the Earth is 6356.8 kilometres and so 146.5:6356800 --> 1:43391 which is reasonably close but far from exact. Let's try the circumference. The perimeter of the base of the Great Pyramid is given as 4 x 230.4 metres, while the equatorial circumference of the Earth is 40,075 kilometres. The ratio 4 x 230.4:4007500 --> 1:43465. Again this is close but by no means exact.


To get some idea of the discrepancy involved, consider that a height of 147.15 metres gives a very close approximation to the exact ratio. This is a difference of about 65 centimetres, so looked at in this way the difference is very slight. With the circumference ratio, a base side of 231.92 metres gives a very close approximation and this represents a difference of only 1.52 metres, which again isn't much. The thing is of course that when multiplying a much smaller numbers by 43200, small increases or decreases in those numbers become greatly magnified. Thus we need to lenient about exactitude, especially given that we are working only with what we think were the original measurements.

There's been a great deal written about the mathematics of the Great Pyramid and I don't want to go any further into it at this point. There's a danger in playing around with numbers that you can find connections to anything you want. It could be that what's being encoded into the pyramid is just the squaring of the circle and if that's the case then it's just a coincidence that the scale factor of 1:43200 happens to have a connection with the precession of the equinoxes (43200 = 2160 x 20). The perimeter of the base of the pyramid (4 x 230.4 metres) when considered as the circumference of a circle gives 3.145392491467577 when divided by twice the height of 146.5 metres, the length of its diameter. This can be compared to the actual value of π = 3.141592653589793 ... and it is seen that the accuracy is only good to two decimal places. Link to more about 432.

The "heartbeat" of the Great Year as Hancock emphasises is the number 72. This is the number of years that it takes the vernal equinox to precess by one degree. From this other numbers of apparent significance derived. For example, 72÷2=36, 72+36=108 and 108÷2=54. I'm learning a lot from Hancock's book, not least of all about the Younger Dryas Boundary or YDB as it's known. I'm sure that I'll learn a lot more as I make my way through the rest of the book.

Sunday 4 February 2018

The Fixed Stars in Astrology

Over the years I've not paid much attention to the fixed stars in my astrological analysis. Astrolog of course makes it easier to include a large number of them, so many in fact as to be overwhelming. There are four so-called royal stars that "were regarded as the guardians of the sky in approximately 3000 BCE during the time of the Ancient Persians in the area of modern-day Iran. The Persians believed that the sky was divided into four districts with each district being guarded by one of the four Royal Stars" (Wikipedia).

The four stars with their modern and ancient Persian names are:
  • Aldebaran (Tascheter) – vernal equinox (Watcher of the East)
  • Regulus (Venant) – summer solstice (Watcher of the South)
  • Antares (Satevis) – autumnal equinox (Watcher of the West)
  • Fomalhaut (Haftorang/Hastorang) – winter solstice (Watcher of the North)
At the time of my birth, these stars were situated as shown:


As can be seen, Saturn (0d01m Virgo) is conjunct Regulus (29d07m Leo) while Chiron (8d57mR Sagittarius) is conjunct Antares (9d03m Sagittarius) and opposite Aldebaran (9d05m Gemini). Regulus entered Virgo in late 2011 and is now in 0d05m of that sign. Antares and Aldebaran have moved forward about a degree, to 10d01m Sagittarius and 10d03m Gemini respectively. A peculiarity of the Astrolog program when viewing transits is that it only shows the progressed positions of the stars in the inner circle where the natal planets are located. 

It would seem then that three out of the four royal stars are influential in my natal chart. It might be time to explore the significance of their positions. The following notes are from ASTROTHEME but largely based on Vivian Robson's book "Fixed Stars":
Aldebaran, Alpha Tauri, 9°55' Gemini, in the left eye of Taurus (Oculus Tauri australi), from Al-Debaran, the follower, or the Eye of God, or Pallilitium, or the Small Torch, Facula, or Stella Dominatrix: according to Ptolemy, Aldebaran is of the nature of Mars and brings about firmness, courage, integrity, and strength. Honours and wealth may be favoured, but Aldebaran usually tends to withdraw what it offers since durability is not its feature. Robson mentions danger, violence, and illnesses. Like Algol, when Aldebaran is in conjunction with the Sun, the Moon, the ruler of the Ascendant, sometimes when it is on the Ascendant or ruler of the 8th House, it may cause a violent death, according to Garcoeus. 
Regulus, Alpha Leonis, 29°57' Leo, the Lion's heart (cor Leonis) from El-Maliki, the Royal one, Regulus or Basiliscos, the little king, or Regia Stella, or Monoualos: according to Ptolemy, Regulus is of the nature of Mars and Jupiter, according to Fludd, of the nature of Jupiter and Mars, and according to Julevno, of the nature of Mars. Regulus brings violence, destruction, and short-lived martial honours, prison and violent death, if it is not well-aspected. It endows with courage and the will to reign, ambition, and the thirst for power, and it may bring about might and independence. This star is very active and strengthens the planet it touches, for better or for worse... 
Antares, Alpha Scorpii, 9°53' Sagittarius, in between two other stars in the body (media in corpore trium), or Kalb Akrab, the Scorpio's heart (cor Scorpii), Mars' rival: according to Ptolemy, Antares is of the nature of Mars and Jupiter, according to Fludd, of the nature of Saturn and Mars, and according to Julevno, of the nature of Mercury and Mars. According to Fludd, Antares gives violence, ambition for power, and greed. According to Robson, it brings about self-destruction through one's own obstinacy. According to Julevno, it causes success through efforts, followed by ruin and death. This star is almost as evil as Algol, and it is dangerous when it is in conjunction with the Sun, the Moon, the ruler of the Ascendant, the ruler of the 8th House, or when it is dominant on the Ascendant. It is all the more so if it is not well-aspected. If Antares is in very good celestial state, without dissonance, it may nonetheless bring about honour through courage and efforts. 
Fomalhaut, Alpha Piscis Australis, 3°59' Pisces, the star of the mouth at the beginning of the water (in ore, atque eadem, quae in extrema aqua), from Fom-Al-Hut, the mouth of the fish: according to Ptolemy, Fomalhaut is of the nature of Saturn and Mercury, according to Fludd, it is of the nature of Saturn, whereas according to Leowick, it is of the nature of Saturn and Jupiter, and according to Argol, it is of the nature of Venus and Mercury. Fomalhaut may bring wealth, power, fame, and honour. It may also endow with a not too materialistic temperament and gives a spiritual orientation if it is well-aspected. When it is adversely-aspected, Fomalhaut may give a malicious character in order to achieve a sublime objective: the end justifies the means becomes one of the individual's rules.
These descriptions are clearly dated and not all that helpful but it's a start. I suspect the influence of these stars on the planets with which they are conjunct is subtle and far less dramatic than the above descriptions assert. What can be said is that Saturn is closely linked to Regulus in my chart and Chiron to Antares and Aldebaran.

Saturday 3 February 2018

Regulus, the Great Pyramid and the Great Year

I was watching a two part video on YouTube concerning the mathematics and astrology inherent in the Great Pyramid. The second video focuses on the astrological aspects of the pyramid and the commentator says that the two diagonals of the square base correspond to the four fixed signs of the zodiac: Taurus-Scorpio and Leo-Aquarius. Taurus is represented by a bull and Scorpio by an eagle; Leo is a lion and Aquarius as a human or an angel in human form. The sphinx is a human-lion hybrid and thus represents Aquarius and Leo. The commentator goes on to say grandiloquently that "when the Sphinx's eyes line up with the star Regulus, the Lion's Heart, then a new cycle of the equinoxes begins".

In 8786 BC or 10804 years ago (as of 2018), Regulus was aligned with the vernal equinox but this is not to say that 0˚of the sidereal zodiac begins here. What if this marked the point between the constellation of Leo and Cancer? After all, it is from just such a point that the planetary rulerships are assigned in the tropical zodiac.


On this basis, the ages would proceed as follows:

-8786 --> Cancer: Earth Mother worship
-6626 --> Gemini
-4466 --> Taurus: Bull worship
-2306 --> Aries: Ram worship
  -146 --> Pisces: Christianity
 2014 --> Aquarius: The Age of Man
 4174 --> Capricorn


It's not unreasonable to view the confluence of the vernal equinox and Regulus, the Lion's Heart, as marking the real beginning of Leo rather than the equinox's arrival at some ill-defined boundary between Leo and Cancer. Interestingly, this means that just about now the Age of Aquarius is dawning. It's a possibility.